Nk'ikigo cy'inganda cyihariye mu gukoraamabereti y'umusego, duhora tubona ubuziranenge bw'ibicuruzwa nk'umuyoboro w'ubuzima bw'ikigo cyacu. Vuba aha, ikigo cyacu cyatangaje ku mugaragaro ko cyarangije kuvugurura uburyo bwose bwo kugenzura, gishyiraho uburyo bwo kugenzura "bwuzuye, bufite imiterere myinshi, bushobora gukurikiranwa" kuva ku kwinjira mu bikoresho fatizo kugeza ku gusohoka kw'ibicuruzwa byarangiye. Iyi gahunda igamije gutanga ibicuruzwa byiza, byizewe kandi biramba ku bakiriya bo ku isi hamwe n'amahame akomeye y'igenzura n'inzira zuzuye z'igenzura.
Ibyuma byo mu bwoko bwa bearing block bikoreshwa cyane mu mashini z'ubuhinzi, ibikoresho byo gutwara, imashini zicukura amabuye y'agaciro, ibikoresho byo guhumeka, nibindi. Imikorere yabyo igira ingaruka zitaziguye ku ituze n'igihe cyo kubaho kw'ibikoresho. Kugira ngo yubahirize ibisabwa bikomeye ku mikorere itandukanye, isosiyete yacu ikurikiza cyane amahame y'inganda nka GB/T 27555-2011 “Rolling Bearing – Bearing Caps with External Spherical Surfaces” na JB/T 8875-2001, kandi ishyira mu bikorwa igenzura ryuzuye ry'ubuziranenge kuri buri tsinda ry'ibyuma. Ibyiza by'ingenzi muri ubu buryo bwo kuvugurura sisitemu y'igenzura ni ibi bikurikira:
1. Igenzura ry'ibikoresho fatizo - Kugenzura ubuziranenge uhereye aho bikomoka
Ibikoresho fatizo byiza cyane ni byo shingiro ry’ubwiza bw’ibipimo. Dukora igenzura rikomeye ry’ibikoresho kuri buri gice cy’icyuma n’ibipimo by’ubushyuhe byinjira, dukoresheje spectrometer za Thermo Scientific direct reading kugira ngo dusesengure neza imiterere y’ibinyabutabire by’ibipimo n’ibintu bizunguruka (hamwe n’uburyo bwo gusesengura ibintu kugeza kuri 0.001%). Tugenzura ko imiterere y’ibikoresho byujuje ibisabwa bisanzwe. Muri icyo gihe, binyuze mu isuzuma ry’ubukomere, tugenzura imiterere y’ubukomere bw’ubuso bwa Rockwell (HRC 58-62) n’ubukomere bw’imbere (HRC 25-35) kugira ngo turebe ko ubushobozi bwo kwangirika no gukomera ari bwiza. Imigozi yo gucukura igenzurwa umwe umwe kugira ngo harebwe inenge zo hejuru nk’imivuniko, imyenge, n’ibice bigabanuka.
2. Ubuziranenge bw'ibice n'imiterere y'ibice - Guharanira kuba indashyikirwa
Ubuziranenge bw'imigozi yo guterura ifite ubuso bwo hanze bw'uruziga bugena neza ubwiza bw'aho iteranya n'imikorere yayo. Mu gihe cyo gutunganya ibice, dukoresha ibikoresho byo gupima bya Mitutoyo bifite imiterere itatu (bifite ubuziranenge bwa 1.5 μm) kugira ngo dukusanye kandi tugerageze amakuru y'ibipimo byinshi ku murambararo w'imbere, umurambararo w'inyuma, ubugari, n'uburyo bwo kwihanganira ubwiherero bw'intebe. Muri icyo gihe, dukoresha ibipimo by'uruziga n'ibipimo by'imiterere kugira ngo dusesengure neza amakosa y'uruziga, ubugari, n'imiterere y'uruziga rw'impeta z'imbere n'inyuma z'inkingi. Itandukaniro ry'ibipimo by'ingenzi nk'uburebure bwo hagati bw'ubuso bw'uruziga rigenzurwa neza mu rugero rusanzwe. Ku bijyanye n'ubugari bw'ubuso, dukoresha ibipimo by'ubuso bya Keyence bifite imiterere itatu kugira ngo turebe ko ubugari bwa Ra ≤ 0.2 μm.
3. Gupima neza imirasire no kugenzura neza uburyo izenguruka - Guharanira ko imikorere yayo igenda neza
Gupima imirasire no kuzenguruka neza ni byo bimenyetso by'ingenzi bipima imikorere y'imirasire. Dukoresha uburyo bwo gupima impande eshatu kugira ngo dupime aho imirasire y'imbere y'imirasire iherereye kugira ngo tumenye neza ko igenzurwa neza mu rugero rusanzwe rwo kwihanganira hagati ya mm 0.05-0.15, hakurikijwe ibisabwa na ISO5753: 2009. Mu gupima neza imirasire, dukoresha interferometer za laser kugira ngo tumenye aho imirasire y'inyuma (≤ mm 0.03) n'aho imirasire y'inyuma (≤ mm 0.05), tukareba ko imirasire y'inyuma igenda neza kandi neza mu gihe cyo gukora umuvuduko mwinshi.
4. Igenzura ry’imikorere yo guhindagurika no gufunga - Kwigana imiterere nyayo y’akazi
Guhindagurika kw'ingufu bigira ingaruka zitaziguye ku mikorere y'ibikoresho. Nyuma yuko buri tsinda ry'ibikoresho biteranijwe, bikorerwa isuzuma ryo kuzunguruka n'intoki no gusuzuma ingano y'ibikoresho hakoreshejwe icyuma gipima torque kugira ngo harebwe niba uburyo bizunguruka burimo kugenda neza, nta majwi afatanye cyangwa adasanzwe. Kugira ngo dukore neza mu gufunga, dukoresha intebe yo gupima kugira ngo tumenye neza urwego rwa IP65 rw'uburinzi bw'ibikoresho, tugashushanya ibidukikije by'umukungugu n'amazi kugira ngo bikomeze gukora mu gihe cy'iminota 30, kandi tugasuzuma uko umukungugu n'amazi birwanya impeta zo gufunga hamwe n'amavuta yo kwisiga kugira ngo tumenye neza ko uburyo bizunguruka ari bwiza mu gihe cy'akazi gakomeye.
5. Isesengura ry'urusaku n'imitingito - Isuzuma ryimbitse ry'imikorere ihinduka
Urusaku n'ibipimo by'urusaku ni ingenzi mu gusuzuma uko ubuzima bw'ama-bearings buhagaze. Twashyizeho sisitemu yo gusesengura imihindagurikire ya Bruel & Kjaer (ifite intera ya 5Hz - 20kHz) na Schaeffler FAG bearing analyzer kugira ngo ikusanye kandi isesengure spectra y'imihindagurikire ya buri seti ya bearings irangiye. Mu kugereranya imipaka ya spectrale y'amahame mpuzamahanga nka ISO 15242, dushobora kumenya neza inenge z'imbere nko kwangirika kw'umuhanda, kwangirika kw'imipira ku buryo butangana, cyangwa amakosa yo mu kazu. Ama-bearings meza asanzwe agumana urwego ruto rw'imihindagurikire n'urusaku mu gihe cyo gukora.
Itandatu. Isuzuma ry'umutwaro uhoraho n'igenzura ry'ubudahangarwa - Igenzura ry'ubushobozi bwo gutwara ibintu
Kugira ngo tumenye neza ubushobozi bwo gutwara bearing n'igihe cyo gukora muri ubwo buryo, twakoresheje imashini ipima imiterere y'ingufu za Instron hydraulic servo (ifite umutwaro ntarengwa wa 250kN) kugira ngo dukore ibizamini by'umutwaro uhindagurika. Twagenzuye imikorere y'ingufu za bearing munsi y'imitwaro ihindagurika inshuro ≥ 1.5 z'agaciro kagenwe kandi twizeza ko ubushyuhe buzamuka mu gihe cy'akazi gahoraho mu masaha 200 butarenze 45℃. Muri icyo gihe, twabaruye igihe cyagenwe dukurikije ibipimo bya ISO 281:2007 kugira ngo tumenye neza ko igihe cya L10 ari ≥ amasaha 10.000.
VII. Igenzura ry'isura n'igenzura rya nyuma ry'uruganda - Aho igenzura rya nyuma ry'ubuziranenge
Mbere yuko ipaki irangira, buri tsinda ry'ibipimo bigomba kugenzurwa cyane hifashishijwe uburyo bwo kureba no kureba neza hakoreshejwe mikorosikopi y'amaso kugira ngo harebwe niba hari inenge nk'imivuniko, ingese, iminkanyari, cyangwa ubusembwa ku buso. Ubwiza bw'irangi ry'ibipimo n'uburyo ubuso bukoreshwa nabyo biragenzurwa kugira ngo harebwe ko ibimenyetso n'amakuru ajyanye n'ibipimo bisobanutse kandi byuzuye. Agaciro ka rukuruzi gasigaye karageragezwa kugira ngo harebwe ko hubahirizwa amabwiriza ya JB/T 6641. Amakuru yose y'ibizamini yanditswe mu gihe nyacyo kandi yinjizwa muri sisitemu kugira ngo hagerwe ku "gukurikirana kode imwe" - buri tsinda ry'ibipimo byakozwe rishobora gukurikiranwa mu itsinda ry'ibikoresho fatizo, uburyo bwo kubitunganya, n'inyandiko z'ibizamini.
Ubwitange bw'abakiriya
Kuvugurura uburyo bwo gupima mu buryo bwuzuye ni ukwiyemeza kwacu gukomeye ku mahame ya "mbere y'ubuziranenge". Kuva ku kwinjiza ibikoresho fatizo kugeza ku kurangiza ibicuruzwa, buri gikorwa, buri gipimo, na buri kizamini bishingiye ku mahame mpuzamahanga n'ibyo abakiriya bakeneye. Turumva ko ibyo dutanga ku bakiriya atari ibintu bifatika gusa, ahubwo ari ukwiyemeza gukomeza gukoresha ibikoresho.
Mu gihe kizaza, tuzakomeza kunoza inzira yo gupima no gushyiraho ibikoresho bigezweho byo gupima kugira ngo abakiriya bo ku isi yose babone serivisi nziza z'ubuziranenge bw'ibicuruzwa. Murakaza neza abakiriya bashya n'abashaje basura uruganda rwacu kugira ngo babayobore kandi twirebere hamwe uburyo tudahwema gushaka ubuziranenge!